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One hundred years ago, an American pharmacist named Wilbur Scoville developed a scale to measure the intensity of a pepper s burn. The scale as you can see on the widely used chart to the left puts sweet bell peppers at the zero mark and the blistering habanero at up to 350,000 Scoville Units

(PhysOrg.com) -- Many have tried, but none have succeeded. For at least a hundred years, scientists looking at hydrogen have scratched their chins when musing over the fact that it, as an alkali metal, by all rights should exist as a metal under the right circumstances

One hundred years ago this month, superconductivity was discovered in the lab of Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes. Since then many more materials have shown to be superconducting, providing new applications and creating a new realm of physics.