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Microscopic algae and the nearly invisible animals that eat them do more than just drift along the ocean surface. Plankton , defined by their habitat, not their taxonomy, are the foundation of the marine food chain--without them, marine life would go hungry and food chains would collapse. They also remove carbon dioxide from the sea and provide Earth's atmosphere with oxygen

The number of Adelie and chinstrap penguins living on the Antarctic Peninsula has plummeted by more than half during the past 30 years. Scientists once believed that climate change would create a stark contrast between the two species.